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Malware

What Is Malware? A Security Pro's Field Guide for 2026

In 2023, the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) received over 880,000 complaints with potential losses exceeding $12.5 billion — a 22% increase from the year before. A massive share of those incidents started with a single piece of malicious software landing on someone's machine.

Carl B. Johnson Jul 20, 2019 7 min read
Types of Malware

Types of Malware: What Every Organization Must Know

In 2023, the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center received over 880,000 complaints with potential losses exceeding $12.5 billion — and malware was the engine behind a staggering number of those incidents. I've worked incident response cases where a single malware infection spiraled into a multi-million-dollar

Carl B. Johnson Jul 20, 2019 6 min read
Adware vs Spyware

Adware vs Spyware: What Security Teams Must Know

In 2023, a barcode scanner app on the Google Play Store — used by over 10 million people — pushed a malicious update that turned a legitimate tool into an aggressive adware delivery mechanism overnight. Users were flooded with pop-ups and redirected to shady websites. Within weeks, researchers discovered the same app

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 7 min read
Trojan Horse Malware

Trojan Horse Malware: How It Gets In and How to Stop It

The Fake Invoice That Cost a Hospital System $28 Million In 2024, Ascension Health — one of the largest healthcare systems in the United States — suffered a devastating ransomware attack that disrupted operations across 140 hospitals. The initial entry vector? A malicious file that an employee downloaded, believing it to be

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 7 min read
Keylogger Attack

Keylogger Attack: How Hackers Steal Every Keystroke

In 2023, the FBI dismantled a cybercrime ring that used a commercial keylogger called Snake Keylogger to steal credentials from over 10,000 victims across 50 countries. The malware recorded every keystroke — banking passwords, email logins, private messages — and quietly exfiltrated the data to attacker-controlled servers. The victims had no

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 6 min read
DNS Spoofing

DNS Spoofing Attack: How Hackers Redirect Your Traffic

Your Employees Think They're on Your Bank's Website. They're Not. In April 2022, researchers at Avast documented a campaign where threat actors compromised home routers to execute a DNS spoofing attack that redirected users trying to visit legitimate banking sites to near-perfect credential theft

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 6 min read
SQL Injection

SQL Injection Explained: The Attack That Won't Die

In 2023, the MOVEit Transfer vulnerability — a SQL injection flaw — led to the compromise of over 2,600 organizations and exposed data on more than 77 million individuals. One vulnerability. One injection point. Billions in damage. And here's what should keep you up at night: SQL injection has

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 7 min read
Cross-Site Scripting

Cross-Site Scripting Explained: What XSS Really Does

In 2018, British Airways disclosed a breach that exposed the personal and financial data of roughly 380,000 customers. The attack vector? A modified JavaScript injected into the airline's payment page — a textbook cross-site scripting exploit. The UK's Information Commissioner's Office initially proposed a

Carl B. Johnson Jul 14, 2019 7 min read