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Cybersecurity Glossary

Cybersecurity Glossary for Beginners: 40 Terms to Know

During the 2020 SolarWinds breach investigation, I watched a boardroom full of executives stare blankly when an incident responder mentioned "lateral movement" and "supply chain compromise." They had no idea what was happening to their own network — not because they were negligent, but because nobody had

Carl B. Johnson Sep 16, 2021 8 min read
Cybersecurity Terms Explained

Cybersecurity Terms Explained: A No-Nonsense Guide

In May 2021, Colonial Pipeline paid a $4.4 million ransom after a single compromised password shut down fuel delivery across the U.S. East Coast. The post-incident reporting was filled with jargon — ransomware, threat actor, credential theft, attack vector — that left most non-technical readers glazing over. Here's

Carl B. Johnson Sep 16, 2021 7 min read
Malware

What Is Malware? A Security Pro's Real-World Guide

The Colonial Pipeline Attack Changed Everything In May 2021, a single compromised password led to the most disruptive cyberattack on U.S. critical infrastructure in history. DarkSide ransomware shut down Colonial Pipeline's 5,500-mile fuel system, triggering gas shortages across the eastern seaboard. The company paid a $4.

Carl B. Johnson Sep 16, 2021 7 min read
Types of Malware

Types of Malware: What's Actually Hitting Networks in 2021

Colonial Pipeline Was Just the Beginning In May 2021, a single compromised password shut down the largest fuel pipeline in the United States. Colonial Pipeline paid DarkSide operators $4.4 million in ransom. Fuel shortages rippled across the Southeast for days. That attack used just one of the many types

Carl B. Johnson Sep 16, 2021 7 min read
Adware vs Spyware

Adware vs Spyware: What Security Pros Know You Don't

In March 2021, Avast researchers disclosed that at least 28 browser extensions — used by roughly three million people — were quietly harvesting browsing data and redirecting users to phishing and ad-laden sites. Some of those extensions looked like simple ad-blocking tools. Others posed as social media helpers. Under the hood, they

Carl B. Johnson Sep 16, 2021 7 min read
Trojan Horse Malware

Trojan Horse Malware: What It Is and How to Stop It

In July 2021, the REvil ransomware gang exploited a vulnerability in Kaseya's VSA software and dropped a trojan payload onto the systems of roughly 1,500 businesses worldwide. The attack didn't arrive as an obvious virus. It masqueraded as a legitimate software update — the textbook definition

Carl B. Johnson Sep 03, 2021 7 min read
Keylogger Attack

Keylogger Attack: How Hackers Steal Every Keystroke

In March 2021, security researchers discovered that the Agent Tesla keylogger had become one of the most prevalent malware families in the wild, appearing in phishing campaigns targeting organizations across every sector. This wasn't some exotic zero-day. It was a commodity keylogger attack tool that anyone could buy

Carl B. Johnson Sep 03, 2021 7 min read
Man in the Middle Attack

Man in the Middle Attack: How Hackers Steal Data

In January 2021, the FBI warned that cybercriminals were actively exploiting telecommuters by intercepting unencrypted network traffic — a textbook man in the middle attack. The shift to remote work didn't just expand the attack surface. It handed threat actors a golden opportunity to sit between employees and corporate

Carl B. Johnson Sep 03, 2021 7 min read
DNS Spoofing Attack

DNS Spoofing Attack: How Hackers Hijack Your Traffic

In April 2018, attackers hijacked the DNS records for Amazon's Route 53 service, redirecting traffic meant for MyEtherWallet.com to a malicious server in Russia. Users who typed the correct URL into their browsers still landed on a fake site. Within two hours, attackers stole roughly $150,000

Carl B. Johnson Sep 03, 2021 7 min read
SQL Injection

SQL Injection Explained: The Attack That Won't Die

In March 2021, security researchers discovered that Accellion's file transfer appliance had been exploited through — you guessed it — an SQL injection vulnerability. The Clop ransomware gang leveraged the flaw to steal data from dozens of organizations, including Shell, Bombardier, and multiple U.S. universities. This wasn't

Carl B. Johnson Sep 03, 2021 8 min read