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Cybersecurity Framework

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Cyber Incident Response Steps

Cyber Incident Response Steps That Actually Work

A Ransomware Attack Exposed What Most Plans Are Missing In February 2024, Change Healthcare suffered a ransomware attack that disrupted prescription processing for millions of Americans. UnitedHealth Group later confirmed the breach affected approximately 100 million individuals — the largest healthcare data breach in U.S. history. The attackers got in

Carl B. Johnson Aug 21, 2026 5 min read
NIST Standards

NIST Standards: What They Actually Mean for Your Security

The Framework Nobody Reads But Everyone Claims to Follow I once walked into a mid-sized financial firm that proudly declared on their website they were "aligned with NIST standards." Thirty minutes into the assessment, I found admin passwords on sticky notes, no multi-factor authentication on critical systems, and

Carl B. Johnson Aug 18, 2026 6 min read
Zero Trust

What Is Zero Trust? A Security Model That Actually Works

In 2020, threat actors compromised SolarWinds' Orion software and used it to breach dozens of U.S. government agencies. The attackers moved laterally through networks for months because once they were inside the perimeter, those networks trusted them. That single breach rewrote how the federal government thinks about network

Carl B. Johnson Jun 03, 2026 5 min read
NIST Standards

NIST Standards: A Practical Guide to Real Security

In March 2022, the Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report team released preliminary findings showing that 82% of breaches involved the human element — phishing, stolen credentials, and social engineering. Meanwhile, most organizations I work with still treat NIST standards like a dusty compliance checkbox rather than what they actually are: a

Carl B. Johnson Jun 20, 2022 7 min read